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Library | Call Number | Material Type | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
Searching... State Library of Oregon | 362.196979200973 AIDS5 | 4-Week Loan | Searching... Unknown |
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Summary
Summary
The proliferation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among women and children represents one of the gravest health issues confronting contemporary society. Women, most of childbearing age, now constitute 11 percent of all cases, and the U.S. Public Health Service has projected over 3,000 cases of pediatric AIDS by the end of 1991. In the face of these sobering statistics, experts have been called upon to grapple with a difficult, compelling question: under what conditions, if any, should HIV testing of women and children be required? Also at issue are the surreptitious testing for HIV antibodies as part of routine prenatal and neonatal examinations, and whether such testing should be performed on all women and infants, or only those who belong to groups judged at "high risk". In this unique contribution to the debate about HIV screening and testing, Ruth Faden, Madison Powers, and Gail Geller have assembled perspectives from experts in public health, medicine, law, and ethics. Their wide-ranging treatment examines the history of prenatal and neonatal screening programs; informed consent; legal issues and confidentiality; reproductive decision-making; and numerous other aspects of HIV testing. Alternative policy options for both now and the future are discussed in detail. This volume provides a comprehensive analysis of these pressing medical, public health, legal, ethical, and social issues, and is essential reading for AIDS researchers and clinicians, public health specialists, ethicists, health policymakers and analysts, obstetricians, and pediatricians.
Author Notes
Ruth R. Faden is at Johns Hopkins University. Gail Geller is at Johns Hopkins University.
Reviews (1)
Choice Review
Fine scholarly essays carefully examine legal, ethical, social, medical, and public policy issues regarding HIV testing of pregnant women and newborns. There is strong universal defense of confidentiality, privacy, and antidiscrimination protection in the essays as well as support for requiring informed parental consent for prenatal and newborn screening. Concern is expressed also for the rights of pregnant adolescents and for minority women and infants. Beginning chapters set the stage for later legal and policy discussions by providing a history of screening; covering medical knowledge of HIV infection and transmission in women and children; discussing obstetric and pediatric care of infected women and infants in light of intravenous drug use, poverty, and other social issues; and addressing issues of costliness, complexity, inaccuracy, and unavailability of present testing methods for infants. Extensive footnotes, detailed statistics, current research findings, prenatal/newborn screening statutes for the 50 states and DC provide ample background for position statements and comparisons of various programs. The technical language and frequent use of medical acronyms requires solid background in the topic. Highly recommended for university and professional collections in public health, law, and medicine.-E. R. Paterson, SUNY College at Cortland
Table of Contents
| Part I Introduction |
| 1 Warrants for Screening Programs: Public Health, Legal and Ethical FrameworksRuth Faden and Nancy Kass and Madison Powers |
| Part II Public Health and Medical Issues |
| 2 Public Health and Clinical Aspects of HIV Infection in Women and Children in the U.S.John Modlin and Alfred Saah |
| 3 A History of Prenatal and Neonatal Screening Programs: Lessons for the FutureKatherine Acuff and Ruth Faden |
| 4 HIV Infection and Obstetrical CareTimothy Johnson and John Repke |
| 5 Pediatric HIV Testing: Social IssuesLarry Wissow and Nancy Hutton |
| Part III Legal Issues |
| 6 Prenatal and Newborn Screening: State Legislative Approaches and Current Practice StandardsKatherine Acuff |
| 7 Legal Issues in Nonvoluntary Prenatal HIV TestingAnita Allen |
| 8 Legal Issues in Voluntary Screening for HIV Infection in Pregnant WomenPatricia King |
| 9 Legal Protections of Confidential Medical Information and the Need for Anti-Discrimination LawsMadison Powers |
| Part IV Normative and Social Issues |
| 10 Ethical and Legal Issues in Mandatory and Voluntary Neonatal HIV TestingRuth Faden and Judith Areen |
| 11 Ethical Issues in HIV Testing During PregnancyLeRoy Walters |
| 12 Informed Consent in the Context of Prenatal HIV TestingGail Geller and Nancy Kass |
| 13 Reproductive Decision-Making in the Context of HIV: The Case for Non-Directive CounselingNancy Kass |
| Part V Conclusion |
| 14 HIV Infection, Pregnant Women and Newborns: A Policy Proposal for Information and Testing |
